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Test your applicationsThere is no fixed version for Debian:14 libmime-tools-perl.
Note: Versions mentioned in the description apply only to the upstream libmime-tools-perl package and not the libmime-tools-perl package as distributed by Debian.
See How to fix? for Debian:14 relevant fixed versions and status.
MIME::Field::ParamVal versions before 5.521 for Perl do not flag a duplicate boundary parameter whose name contains a nested comment.
A parameter written boundary((c))="A" or boundary())="A" is stored under that literal name rather than as boundary. A second boundary parameter is then not reported as a duplicate, and MIME::Parser splits the message on it.
Readers that skip comments as RFC 5322 allows take the first boundary instead. A remote sender can hide an attachment from a filter that relies on ambiguous_content() while the recipient's mail client shows it.