Note: Versions mentioned in the description apply only to the upstream kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra package and not the kernel-rt-debug-modules-extra package as distributed by RHEL. See How to fix? for RHEL:10 relevant fixed versions and status.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nvme: fix cdev lifetime

Sashiko bot reported a potential problem for the cdev lifetime in [0]

• the code there is heavily based on the NVMe code.

Currently the NS head .open and .release file_operations methods take and put a reference to the nvme_ns_head to ensure that this structure does not disappear while we open fds for that cdev.

In multipath mode, when we teardown the NS head, we call nvme_cdev_del() -> cdev_device_del() -> cdev_del(). However after cdev_del() returns, cdevs already open will remain and their fops will still be callable. As such, we can still reference the cdev after the nvme_ns_head reference count drops to 0 (and is freed).

This can be shown with an application which delays between opening the cdev and issuing the ioctl while the NS head is being torn down:

./ioctl_file /dev/ng1n1 &

waiting 10 seconds ....

./ini_nvme_teardown.sh

[ 21.221718] nvme nvme1: Removing ctrl: NQN "nvme-test-target" [ 21.274609] nvme nvme2: Removing ctrl: NQN "nvme-test-target"

now going to issue ioctl ....

[ 26.549285] ================================================================== [ 26.550841] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in cdev_put.part.0+0x3d/0x40 [ 26.552352] Read of size 8 at addr ffff88811e7fa170 by task ioctl_file/237 [ 26.553805] [ 26.554227] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 237 Comm: ioctl_file Not tainted 7.2.0-rc1-00004-g6852a10e32d4 #921 PREEMPT(lazy) [ 26.554236] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014 [ 26.554241] Call Trace: [ 26.554245] <TASK> [ 26.554248] dump_stack_lvl+0x68/0xa0 [ 26.554266] print_report+0x10d/0x5d0 [ 26.554276] ? __virt_addr_valid+0x21d/0x3f0 [ 26.554287] ? cdev_put.part.0+0x3d/0x40 [ 26.554292] kasan_report+0x96/0xd0 [ 26.554300] ? cdev_put.part.0+0x3d/0x40 [ 26.554307] cdev_put.part.0+0x3d/0x40 [ 26.554313] __fput+0x7bc/0xa70 [ 26.554322] fput_close_sync+0xd8/0x190 [ 26.554328] ? __pfx_fput_close_sync+0x10/0x10 [ 26.554337] __x64_sys_close+0x79/0xd0 [ 26.554344] do_syscall_64+0x117/0x6b0 [ 26.554351] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f [ 26.554358] RIP: 0033:0x7f938c067727 [ 26.554364] Code: 48 89 fa 4c 89 df e8 28 ad 00 00 8b 93 08 03 00 00 59 5e 48 83 f8 fc 74 1a 5b c3 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 48 8b 44 24 10 0f 05 <5bf [ 26.554369] RSP: 002b:00007fff49f05980 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000003 [ 26.554376] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f938bfd7780 RCX: 00007f938c067727 [ 26.554380] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000003 [ 26.554383] RBP: 00007fff49f05a10 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000 [ 26.554386] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 0000000000000000 [ 26.554389] R13: 00007fff49f05b40 R14: 00007f938c207000 R15: 000055c148471d78 [ 26.554397] </TASK> [ 26.554399] [ 26.575612] Allocated by task 100: [ 26.575871] kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50 [ 26.576157] kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 [ 26.576418] __kasan_kmalloc+0x7f/0x90 [ 26.576668] __kmalloc_noprof+0x281/0x6c0 [ 26.576938] nvme_alloc_ns+0x7f7/0x3170 [ 26.577206] nvme_scan_ns+0x508/0x880 [ 26.577449] async_run_entry_fn+0x8c/0x350 [ 26.577723] process_scheduled_works+0xb6f/0x1a00 [ 26.578034] worker_thread+0x4ad/0xb40 [ 26.578283] kthread+0x34f/0x450 [ 26.578501] ret_from_fork+0x563/0x800 [ 26.578752] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 26.579012] [ 26.579124] Freed by task 237: [ 26.579335] kasan_save_stack+0x24/0x50 [ 26.579596] kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 [ 26.579855] kasan_save_free_info+0x3a/0x60 [ 26.580131] __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70 [ 26.580388] kfree+0x321/0x500 [ 26.580591] nvme_ns_head_chr_release+0x39/0x50 [ 26.580883] __fput+0x352/0xa70 [ 26.581095] fput_close_sync+0xd8/0x190 [ 26.581350] __x64_sys_close+0x79/0xd0 [ 26.581595] do_syscall_64+0x117/0x6b0 [ 26.581842] entry_SYSCAL ---truncated---

• https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2555249
• https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-98815
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98b09ad7934482e64db4b4477d91e3bbf43adf4c
• https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9952f3882ecba709092379b71e02b09762b26f96