Directory Traversal Affecting org.apache.struts:struts2-core package, versions [2.0.0,2.0.12)[2.1.0,2.1.6)
Threat Intelligence
The probability is the direct output of the EPSS model, and conveys an overall sense of the threat of exploitation in the wild. The percentile measures the EPSS probability relative to all known EPSS scores. Note: This data is updated daily, relying on the latest available EPSS model version. Check out the EPSS documentation for more details.
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Test your applications- Snyk IDSNYK-JAVA-ORGAPACHESTRUTS-6241849
- published12 Feb 2024
- disclosed17 May 2022
- creditCsaba Barta, László Tóth
Introduced: 17 May 2022
CVE-2008-6505 (opens in a new tab)How to fix?
Upgrade org.apache.struts:struts2-core to version 2.0.12, 2.1.6 or higher.
Overview
org.apache.struts:struts2-core is a popular open-source framework for developing web applications in the Java programming language.
Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Directory Traversal due to improper handling of URI encoding. An attacker can read arbitrary files by utilizing an encoded dot dot slash sequence in a URI that includes a /struts/ path. This issue is present in the handling of certain paths via FilterDispatcher and DefaultStaticContentLoader.
Details
A Directory Traversal attack (also known as path traversal) aims to access files and directories that are stored outside the intended folder. By manipulating files with "dot-dot-slash (../)" sequences and its variations, or by using absolute file paths, it may be possible to access arbitrary files and directories stored on file system, including application source code, configuration, and other critical system files.
Directory Traversal vulnerabilities can be generally divided into two types:
- Information Disclosure: Allows the attacker to gain information about the folder structure or read the contents of sensitive files on the system.
st is a module for serving static files on web pages, and contains a vulnerability of this type. In our example, we will serve files from the public route.
If an attacker requests the following URL from our server, it will in turn leak the sensitive private key of the root user.
curl http://localhost:8080/public/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/root/.ssh/id_rsa
Note %2e is the URL encoded version of . (dot).
- Writing arbitrary files: Allows the attacker to create or replace existing files. This type of vulnerability is also known as
Zip-Slip.
One way to achieve this is by using a malicious zip archive that holds path traversal filenames. When each filename in the zip archive gets concatenated to the target extraction folder, without validation, the final path ends up outside of the target folder. If an executable or a configuration file is overwritten with a file containing malicious code, the problem can turn into an arbitrary code execution issue quite easily.
The following is an example of a zip archive with one benign file and one malicious file. Extracting the malicious file will result in traversing out of the target folder, ending up in /root/.ssh/ overwriting the authorized_keys file:
2018-04-15 22:04:29 ..... 19 19 good.txt
2018-04-15 22:04:42 ..... 20 20 ../../../../../../root/.ssh/authorized_keys