Arbitrary Code Injection Affecting vm2 package, versions >=3.11.0 <3.11.2
Threat Intelligence
Snyk has a proof-of-concept or detailed explanation of how to exploit this vulnerability.
The probability is the direct output of the EPSS model, and conveys an overall sense of the threat of exploitation in the wild. The percentile measures the EPSS probability relative to all known EPSS scores. Note: This data is updated daily, relying on the latest available EPSS model version. Check out the EPSS documentation for more details.
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Start learning- Snyk IDSNYK-JS-VM2-16624526
- published10 May 2026
- disclosed8 May 2026
- creditXmiliaH
Introduced: 8 May 2026
CVE-2026-44009 (opens in a new tab)How to fix?
Upgrade vm2 to version 3.11.2 or higher.
Overview
vm2 is a sandbox that can run untrusted code with whitelisted Node's built-in modules.
Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Arbitrary Code Injection via the handleException function and the sandbox-side globalPromise.prototype.then wrapper in lib/setup-sandbox.js. An attacker can reach host Function and execute arbitrary code by throwing or resolving a sandbox-realm null-prototype object and then assigning a host function such as Buffer.prototype.inspect to a property on the caught/resolved value. The bridge proxy created for that value writes the raw host function back onto the underlying sandbox object, so the original sandbox reference exposes a host function whose .constructor leads to Function('return process')() and full sandbox escape.
Notes: This issue was introduced as part of the mitigation for CVE-2026-44000