XML External Entity Affecting phpoffice/phpspreadsheet package, versions <1.8.0
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Test your applications- Snyk ID SNYK-PHP-PHPOFFICEPHPSPREADSHEET-480564
- published 7 Nov 2019
- disclosed 21 Oct 2019
- credit Daniel Hoffmann
Introduced: 21 Oct 2019
CVE-2019-12331 Open this link in a new tabHow to fix?
Upgrade phpoffice/phpspreadsheet to version 1.8.0 or higher.
Overview
phpoffice/phpspreadsheet is a Spreadsheet engine that Read, Create and Write Spreadsheet documents in PHP .
Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to XML External Entity. The XmlScanner decodes the sheet1.xml from an .xlsx to UTF-8 if something else than UTF-8 is declared in the header. This was a security measurement to prevent CVE-2018-19277 but the fix is not sufficient. By double-encoding the the XML payload to UTF-7 it is possible to bypass the check for the string <!ENTITY.
Details
XXE Injection is a type of attack against an application that parses XML input. XML is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. By default, many XML processors allow specification of an external entity, a URI that is dereferenced and evaluated during XML processing. When an XML document is being parsed, the parser can make a request and include the content at the specified URI inside of the XML document.
Attacks can include disclosing local files, which may contain sensitive data such as passwords or private user data, using file: schemes or relative paths in the system identifier.
For example, below is a sample XML document, containing an XML element- username.
<xml>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<username>John</username>
</xml>
An external XML entity - xxe, is defined using a system identifier and present within a DOCTYPE header. These entities can access local or remote content. For example the below code contains an external XML entity that would fetch the content of /etc/passwd and display it to the user rendered by username.
<xml>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE foo [
<!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd" >]>
<username>&xxe;</username>
</xml>
Other XXE Injection attacks can access local resources that may not stop returning data, possibly impacting application availability and leading to Denial of Service.